Towards Zero-Shot Domain Generalization for ID Cards Presentation Attack Detection

Abstract

Presentation-Attack Detection (PAD) for national ID cards is limited by the lack of publicly available genuine samples, making it difficult for systems to generalize across countries. This paper introduces two main innovations: (1) a Prototypical Network head using an EfficientNet-V2-b0 backbone that requires only four genuine samples per class to create reliable prototypes; and (2) an episodic training regime that keeps PAD classes fixed while varying the card domain, allowing the network to learn universal attack cues. Evaluated on a large multi-country dataset and the public DLC-2021 benchmark, this method achieves an average Equal Error Rate of around 9\%, outperforming conventional softmax and CLIP zero-shot baselines even with data from a single source country. This approach provides accurate, privacy-preserving PAD while minimizing data collection, facilitating scalable cross-jurisdictional remote onboarding.